What is Metacognition? Have you noticed a student who struggles with monitoring their progress when completing tasks? You may see these students struggle with self-reflection and utilizing problem-solving skills to complete challenging assignments or tests.  All...

The Executive Functioning Skill of Goal-Directed Persistence Have you consulted with a teacher about a student who struggles to meet goals related to assignments or projects? Have you observed students who are too distracted by preferred activities to complete tasks?...

The Executive Functioning Skill of Time Management Have you worked with students who need help planning and organizing their time effectively? They may need help estimating how long it takes to complete a task and may need help prioritizing tasks and activities based...

The Executive Functioning Skill of Planning Have you ever worked with a student who struggles to make decisions about what part of a task is important to focus on and what part isn’t? Or what about students who struggle to create mental roadmaps in their mind when...

The Executive Functioning Skill of Task Initiation Do you find yourself consulting with teachers frequently about students who struggle to start tasks independently? Or what about students who are unable to plan and decipher when a task will be completed? How can...

Sustained attention refers to the ability to maintain attentional focus on relevant stimuli with repeated presentation over extended periods of time. It is the ability to direct and focus cognitive activity on specific stimuli. In children with attention difficulties,...

Flexibility is generally considered to be the behavior of switching between tasks and demands in response to changes in the environment. In essence, it's one’s ability to change one’s behavior to different contexts or stimuli in the world. Students who experience...

Working Memory describes the ability to hold information in mind while performing complex tasks that involve remembering, processing, or acting on that stored information. It also incorporates the ability to draw on past learning or experiences, to apply to a present...

Organization describes the ability to design and maintain systems for keeping track of information or materials. Essentially it is the process in which one takes care of others’ belongings and their personal belongings while maintaining order in their personal...

What is emotional control? The executive functioning skill of emotional control refers to the ability to effectively manage emotions, so that they do not negatively impact behavior, prevent task completion, or hinder attaining goals. A student who has developed this...

What is response inhibition? This crucial executive function is the ability to think before taking action. Young children can be impulsive and rely on caring adults to guide them and role-model response inhibition. For example, they might just step out into the road...